This course is the second of six, focusing on applying the art and science of nurse anesthesiology. Each course in the series is tailored to specific surgical categories, addressing unique patient care needs and associated risks. Throughout the program, residents will develop and refine their clinical skills, demonstrating progression in cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains essential for professional nurse anesthetists. Formative and summative evaluation is based on progressively advancing expectations, ensuring residents meet increasingly complex clinical performance standards as they advance through the program.