HIS - History

Surveys the rise of complex societies: the formation of classical civilizations in Afroeurasia and the Americas, post-classical empires and cross-cultural exchange, technology and environmental change, the Mongol Empire, and oceanic voyages and the origins of the modern world.

Examines major world issues over the past 500 years. Topics include European expansion and colonialism, the Muslim empires, East Asia from Ming to Qing, the Americas, Africa, the scientific-technological revolution, decolonization, and modern environmental problems. Designed primarily for first- and second-year students, it provides a time frame for understanding events within a global framework.

Explores how historical thinking can help you understand the developments, dilemmas, and crisis that are grabbing our attention in the present. It is organized around four themes: (un)natural disasters, the politics of representation, surveillance, and borders and belonging.

Introduction to the interdisciplinary field of Native American Studies and the Indigenous experience. Topics include: history of United States-Indian relations; colonialism; sovereignty; identity; representation of Native Americans in popular culture; and contemporary efforts toward decolonization in indigenous communities.

Spring

Surveys the history of the indigenous peoples of North America until 1860. Introduces the diversity of Native American history and highlights the major themes of Native American history during this period.

Focuses on the building of British American colonies and the establishment, disintegration, and reconstruction of the nation with an emphasis on how class, race, ethnicity, and gender impacted colonial development and structured the nation's agenda and the definition of citizenship.

Surveys the political, social, and cultural history of the United States from 1877 to 1977. Focuses on national politics with emphasis on how class, race, ethnicity, and gender changed the nation's agenda.

Introduces the social, cultural, economic, and political history of the New World through a close examination of the process of European conquest in the 16th century and its consequences for both native and settler peoples. Medieval and Renaissance European and African backgrounds; Inca, Maya, Aztec, plains, woodland, and tropical rainforest native American societies; processes of military and cultural conquest; epidemics and ecological changes; native resistance and the establishment of the fundamental institutions of colonial society.

An introduction to the study of Latin American history from the Independence Wars in the early 19th century to the present. Topics include changing economic models of development, U.S. role, rural and urban life, women, nationalisms, populism, revolution, the military in politics, and the problem of democracy.

Introduces students to the history of U.S. Latinos drawing on the experience of Central Americans, people of Mexican descent, Puerto Ricans, Dominican Americans, and Cuban Americans. Emphasizes international processes that fundamentally shape U.S. Latino communities.

Introduction to the many communities found within the American religious landscape, balancing extraordinary diversity characterizing American pluralism against the dominant religious culture. Proceeds historically, engaging major problems and developments including utopianism, the rise of evangelicalism, religion and reform, manifest destiny, secularization and modernity, and the intersection of politics and religion.

Takes students through five critical moments in United States history: the American Revolution, the Civil War, the New Deal, the Civil Rights era, and the years following the attack on the United States on Sept. 11, 2001. Designed for non-majors.

Focuses on the development of popular music genres in the United States and the social contexts that have produced them, from the 19th Century to the present. Promotes an understanding of how music influences and reflects our political lives.

Examines the loss and reassumption of local and state autonomy in Africa during the 19th and 20th centuries. Delineates the modalities of the colonial state and society, modes of resistance to alien occupation, and the deformation of social, class, and gender relations.

Surveys the history of East Asia from 1500 to 1894. Covers political, social, economic, and cultural histories of China, Japan, and Korea with the goal of perceiving a regional history that encompassed each society.

A broad introductory survey of the political, social, economic, philosophical, and religious heritage of modern China, Japan, and Korea. Emphasis on the historical foundations of modern nationalism, the colonial experience, and revolutionary movements.

History of the modern Middle East from 1800 to the present, with special reference to the 20th century and forces which have shaped the area. The impact of imperialism, nationalism, and revolution in the area, with particular attention to the history of four countries: Turkey, Iran, Egypt, Israel.

Provides an introductory survey of South Asian history and society from the beginning of the 16th Century until the dawn of the 21st Century. Students gain an understanding of major events and long transformations in society, economy, culture, and politics.

Introduces the political and social history of ancient Egyptian civilization from the Predynasitic through the end of the Pharaonic period. (Formerly Pyramids and Papyrus: the History of Ancient Egypt.)

Investigates the use of the pyramid architectural form in ancient societies across the globe, including Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Americas, and Southeast Asia. The social, political, and religious motivation for building pyramids is explored.

Covers the history of the Mediterranean from the end of the Ottoman Empire to the present. It focuses on the role of empire in shaping patterns of economic and cultural exchange.

Students acquire an understanding of the history of the development of the English language, from its origins to present, and engage critically with the quantitative evidence for that history, using accessible online databases and digital texts.

Trains students in the principals that will help them make sense of Greco-Latin scientific and technical vocabulary. Introduces Greco-Roman natural philosophy and its general cultural context, and explains the historical relationship of that tradition to the emergence of modern European experimental science and technology. (Formerly Scientific Vocabulary and the Roots of the European Scientific Tradition.)

Introduces the philosophy of myth, and surveys classical Greek mythology. Students explore the mythic mode of thinking and its distinguishing characteristics as well as the repertoire of Greek myths and their cultural contexts.

An overview of Greek history from the beginnings through the Hellenistic period, with emphasis on the Archaic and Classical periods (ca. 800 B.C. through 323 B.C.).

A lecture course offering an overview of Roman history and civilization from the legendary founding of Rome in 753 B.C. to the collapse of the Roman Empire's central administration in the West in 476 A.D.

A survey of Europe from the third through 10th centuries. Emphasizes cultural conflict and assimilation (Roman and Germanic, pagan and Christian, East and West). Topics include the rise of Christianity, Germanic migrations, Byzantium and Islam, the cult of saints and relics, Vikings, and gender roles. (Formerly Medieval Europe: 200-1000.)

Surveys the economic, social, cultural, and political history of Europe since the late 15th century: 1500-1815. Course 70A is not a prerequisite to course 70B.

Surveys the political, social, and cultural history of Europe from the era of the Industrial Revolution to the beginning of the second millennium. Course 70A is not prerequisite to 70B.

Focuses on the destruction of the Jews of Europe by Nazi Germany. Issues and themes are historically grounded and include works of literature, social sciences, philosophy, and film. Online course.

Surveys 3,000 years of Jewish history. Themes include origins of the Jews in the ancient world, formation and persistence of the Jewish diaspora, coherence and diversity of Jewish experience, Jewish narrative and textual traditions, interaction between Jews and other cultures, productive tensions between tradition and modernity in Jewish history and literature.

Popular media present Muslims and Jews as age-old enemies; this is far from the truth. Through primary sources, secondary texts, and films, students examine this fraught and politicized history, challenging conventional narratives of the region and its Jewish population.

Surveys modern Jewish history from Morocco to Iran, 1500-2000. Studying these populations through original documents, scholarly works, and literature imparts a unique perspective on both modern Jewish history and that of the region, challenging and complementing standard narratives of each.

Examines a series of distinguished documentary and feature films about the destruction of European Jewry. Each film is placed in its historical context, and wherever possible, the readings include the original documents on which films were based. Emphasis is placed on the strategies the filmmakers used to address the problem of representing genocide without succumbing to mere melodrama.

Investigates the genocide of the Jews from 1933 to 1945 within its broader historical context, including anti-Semitism, the Great Depression, Nazi-Soviet relations, and World War II. Examines how the Holocaust unfolded in Europe as well as its impact on Jews in North Africa and the Middle East. (Formerly Hitler and the Holocaust.)

Examines modern authoritarianism and mass dictatorship as distinct political forms that promote and draw their strength from popular support and mobilization. Students study how non-democratic leaders are able to attain, exercise, perpetuate, and misuse their power.

Introductory and collaborative history course that examines the social dimensions of globalization through a focus on China since 1500. Asking how China shaped and was shaped by interactions with major world regions—Europe, the Americas, and Asia—course discusses how networks of trade, imperialism, revolutions, migration, popular culture, and capitalism created significant global conjunctures and interdependencies with lasting impact. In addition, course offers instruction on how to collaborate with others effectively to achieve common goals. Students apply knowledge and techniques learned to a series of group projects.

The civil rights movement of the 1950s-60s was one of the most important grassroots social movements in American history. Course examines this movement and its effects on American society, focusing especially on the experiences of rank-and-file participants.

Examines how the meaning of such issues as war origins, war responsibility, the atomic bomb, reparations, and racism have been subjects of contention in postwar U.S. and Japan. Students explore the relations between history, memory, and contemporary politics.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Designed to introduce history majors to historical methods and provide preparation for exit seminars. Students develop critical reading, historical analysis, research, and disciplinary writing skills.

Oceans, human communities, and the variety of relations between societies have been linked closely in world history. This course focuses on the three most well-researched and, historically, most important oceanic worlds--those that developed to link the regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean, and Atlantic Ocean.

Human curiosity and inquiry changed and varied widely across Eurasia. This course surveys how the curiosity and inquiry were framed in three major civilizations (China, Islam and Judeo-Christian) from the Mongol conquest of Eurasia in the 13th century to the beginning of industrial capitalism in the 19th century. (Formerly Topics in the World History of Science.)

Explores the turbulent 1930s from a global perspective. Students consider the great events of the decade--the Great Depression, the consolidation of communism, and the rise of fascism--within the context of global connections and forces, including those fostered by imperialism and various forms of internationalism. (Formerly course 196A.)

Provides overview of global environmental history from prehistoric times to the present. Explores how Homo Sapiens became the dominant species on the planet, how some of them managed to grow food and domesticate animals, and how these agrarian or nomadic societies developed states or even empires. Explores what many have called the Anthropocene Epoch in the evolution of Earth.

Examines how American Indian history and culture has been portrayed in Hollywood films, with an emphasis on films that represent Native Americans over the broad spectrum of Native American/white relations.

Provides an historical overview of the relationship between American Indians and museums. Current issues and practices in museums are explored, primarily those associated with ethics, collecting practices, exhibitions, education/interpretation, and administration/governance.

Provides an historical, comparative, and theoretical exploration of the development of nations and nationalism. Emphases include the historical formation of nation-states, modernization, colonialism, decolonization, nations and globalization, and the intersections between ethnicity, race, religions, and nationalism.

Compares memories and interpretations of war in Southeast Asia by diverse groups in France, America, and Vietnam. Topics include war origins, military strategies, propaganda, combat, civilians, media, activism, MIAs, refugees, mixed race children, memorials, textbooks, films, music, literature, and art.

Analyzes immigration, race relations, war, gender ideology, family life, acculturation, political activism, interracial marriage, multiracial identity, and cultural representations between 1941 and the present. Emphasis on discussion, writing, research, and group presentations.

Examines how ideologies of race and gender shaped the development of slavery and empire in the American South from European colonization to the eve of the American Civil War.

Explores the social, economic, cultural, and political development of British North America from the first European/Amerindian contacts in the late 16th century through the establishment of a provincial British colonial society. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B.

Explores the political, social, economic, and cultural development of British North America from the first stirrings of resistance to the establishment of the U.S. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B.

Social, political, and economic history of the American Civil War and Reconstruction, focusing on the war's changing nature and significance, emancipation, and the postwar struggle over the future of the South and the nation.

History of the U.S. during what was perhaps its most socially turbulent era, the period following Reconstruction through the First World War. What did it mean to be a nation in the post-Reconstruction era? How did a country that had only recently unified itself under one system of labor now resolve the question of national identity? Was America truly a nation by 1914?

Between the First and Second World Wars, American society accepted the need for a regulatory state to save capitalism from itself. Takes an in-depth look at many aspects of U.S. politics and culture during these years.

From the Good War to the Cold War, the Sixties to the rise of the New Right, the post-1945 American experience has been one of extremes. This survey course looks for evidence of commonality during those times. (Formerly Age of Extremes: The United States During the Cold War, 1945 to 1991)

Examines how the consolidation of United States sovereignty in North America and the establishment of an overseas empire during the period between the conclusion of the Civil War and the Phillippine-American War reshaped conceptions of race and citizenship.

Explores how race has been constructed and perceived, examining Americans' use of race to describe themselves and to label others. Particularly concerned with ordinary people and how and why their ideas of race have changed over time.

Traces history of feminist thought in the United States from the 18th century Enlightenment to the mid-20th century. Focusing on questions of social identity, gender difference, and legal/political status, examines writings of philosophers, activists, novelists, and ordinary women that challenged religious, political, and scientific beliefs underlying gender inequality.

Historical introduction to religious culture of U.S. as experienced and created by women. Explores religious ideas about women, the treatment of women by mainstream institutions and religio-social communities, and female religious leaders and followers. Takes an explicitly feminist analytical approach and uses a variety of texts, including historical and literary scholarship, sacred texts, fiction, autobiography, material artifacts, visual art, and music.

Examines the cultural, political, and environmental upheaval associated with antebellum market revolution. Topics include: markets and U.S. territorial expansion; reform movements that coalesced around disputes over what should, and should not be sold (e.g., antislavery activism; anti-prostitution reform movements).

Examines the exploitation of African people as slaves throughout European colonies in the Americas. How did slavery affect slaves, enslavers, and their societies? Emphasizes the diversity of slave regimes and their importance for shaping American life for all.

Investigates the representation of slavery with scholarly and vernacual histories, focusing on the United States. Students examine representations of slavery in scholarly works, public-history venues like museums and historic sites, popular culture, and artistic productions. Students develop their own scholarly research into the history of slavery grounded in primary and secondary sources.

Explores the history of telecommunications systems in the US starting with the telegraph, the telephone, wireless telegraph, radio, television and the Internet. Students learn about the development of these systems and the cultures that they foster.

Explores the history, culture, and politics of the distribution of recorded and live sound from the 1870s through the present.

Explores the history of the Cold War from a global, multinational perspective. Begins with the opening salvos between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1945, and concludes with the collapse of the latter empire in 1991.

Explores the history of a principal obsession of our age: the conspiracy. Focuses on the people who love them most: conspiracy theorists. Millions of people around the world believe in conspiracy theories. Why?

Examines the thought and activities of W.E.B. Du Bois across changing historical circumstances. Considers the ways Du Bois's work has been used in the present to address issues such as racism and imperialism.

A survey of pre-contact Africa, indigenous social structures, class relations, the encounter with Europe, forced migration, seasoning, resistance, Africa's gift to America, slavery and its opponents, industrialization, emigration vs. assimilation, stratification, Convention Movement, Black feminism, Civil War, and Reconstruction.

A survey of the period from 1877 to present, highlighting Jim Crow, Militarism, Black feminism, WWI, New Negro, Garveyism, Harlem Renaissance, Black Radicalism, Pan Africanism, Depression, WWII, Desegregation Movement, Black Power, 1960s, Reaganism. Cultural and economic emphases.

Explores the meaning of jazz in United States society and as a U.S.-based art form in other societies. Examines the social and cultural forces that have produced different jazz styles and the various ways that social conflicts and ideals have been displaced onto the music.

Explores the meaning of jazz in United States society and as a U.S.-based art form in other societies since 1945. Examines the social and cultural forces producing jazz movements and the social transformations, conflicts, and ideals read into the music.

Introduces U.S. immigration history from the colonial era to the present, with emphasis on the recent past. Particular attention given to changing immigration patterns; the character of the immigrant experience; and the range of responses to immigration, including nativism.

A survey course on the social history of the Mexican (Chicana/o) community and people in the U.S. through the 20th century. Themes include resistance, migration, labor, urbanization, culture and politics.

Covers from the Cuban sugar revolution (late 18th century) to the socialist revolution and its aftermath (1959–present). It is intended to be not only a modern history of Cuba but also a broader history of Latin America through the case of Cuba.

Introduction to the social history of Latin America through a focus on the inflections of class and ethnicity on gender in this region. First six weeks focuses on the colonial period. The last three weeks covers the 19th and 20th centuries.

Covers the social, cultural, economic, and political history of colonial Mexico (New Spain). Special attention paid to colonial identity formation, religion, and labor systems. Begins by examining indigenous societies prior to the arrival of Europeans and concludes with Mexico's independence movement in the early 19th century.

Social, cultural, economic, and political history from the triumph of Liberalism to the present day, focusing on four key periods: the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz (1900–1910), the armed phase of the Revolution (1910–1920), the consolidation of revolutionary programs and a single-party democracy (1920–1940), and the developmentalist counter-revolution since 1940. Provides background for understanding the Mexican diaspora to the U.S.

Introduction to history of Africa. Topics include states and stateless societies, culture, society and economy in the pre-modern era, stratification, oral traditions, long distance trade, the coming of Islam, and the evolution of the South Atlantic system and its social, political, and other consequences. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful.

How Africa lost its continental, regional, and local autonomy in the era of European imperialism. The components of European hegemony, Christian proselytization, comparative colonial strategies and structures, nationalism, decolonization and independence and the disengagement from neo-colonial patterns and the colonial legacy. Case studies from northern and subsaharan Africa. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful.

Historical study of modern African cinematography from the emergence of film as a tool of social control in the imperial and colonial periods to its theoretical and practical transformation by African cineastes in the post-independence era. Films and videos from northern, eastern, western, central/equatorial, and southern Africa viewed.

Examines how historical memory and shifting conceptions of race have shaped scientific, political, and cultural movements in the United States.

Critically explores how to preserve, represent, and study the history of queer and gender non-conforming people. Focuses on non-traditional and digital archives, oral history, and original research.

Santa Cruz County was historically home to many Awaswas Ohlone-speaking tribes. Course traces the persistent multiethnic quality of the region as it became part of the Spanish empire, Mexico, and the United States.

Introduces students to how Qing China arose, expanded, and struggled to enter the modern world. Focuses on what the Qing empire had in common with other agrarian empires across Eurasia, commercialization and communication networks, elite mobility and peasant revolts, political legitimacy of the alien rule, maintaining social order (such as merchants' control and gender segregation), massive population growth and internal migration, as well as its conflicts with the industrial West.

Explores history of China from the late 19th century to the early years of the People's Republic, focusing on the end of imperial rule, the sources and development of revolution, and early attempts at at socialist transformation.

Explores history of China from establishment of the People's Republic of China to the present, focusing on competing strategies of socialist transformation, urban/rural relations, and the effects of the post-Mao economic reforms.

Introduces changes in Chinese women's lives--and changes in shared social ideas about what women should do and be--from the mid-19th century to the present. When we foreground gender as a category of analysis, how does history look different?

Introduces the history of feminism in the third world, focusing on the ways in which colonialism (and post-colonialism) has shaped gender relations and on the feminist movements that have emerged in response to the impact of colonialism.

Introduces key transformations--political, economic, social, and cultural--in colonial Indian history. The focus is on the processes, institutions, and ideas that shaped colonial power and resisted it.

A study of religions (Vaisnavism, Tantrism, Islam, Sikhism), art, literature, and social movements in their historical contexts from 1000 A.D. to 1800.

Social, political, and religious movements in the colonial and postcolonial contexts of the 19th and 20th centuries in modern and contemporary South Asia.

Introduces historical change in 20th-century South Asia. Topics include: modernity, gender, state formation, nationalism, democracy, and development. Course material includes interdisciplinary secondary works, primary reading by important political actors, and films. Prior knowledge of South Asia is useful, but not necessary.

Highlights the power of ideas in making South Asia modern. Focuses on the 19th and 20th Centuries. Ideas assessed include liberalism, Marxism, Hindu revivalism, Islamic jihad,democracy, nationalism, secularism, and development.

Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from prehistorical migrations through the 15th century. Emphases include examination of social structures, political formations, cultural production, and religion. (Formerly Ancient Japan.)

Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from the middle of the 15th century to the middle of the 19th century. Focus is on the era of civil war, the formation of the early modern federated state, social structure, and cultural production.

Surveys the history of the peoples of the modern Japanese nation from the Meiji Restoration to the present. Focuses on the formation of the modern state, empire, social movements, and cultural production. (Formerly Modern Japan.)

Examines the history of the Japanese colonial empire from 1868 to 1945, including the colonies of Taiwan, Korea, Micronesia, and Manchuria. Considers how the colonies were ruled and what the legacies of the empire have been.

Known historically as the Ryukyu Islands, Okinawa has long been an important transmitter of people, ideas, and goods in East Asia. Course explores this history by focusing not only on the royalty of these islands, but also on the lives of everyday people.

Explores how women's experiences in Japan and Korea were intertwined and differentiated before and during World War II under Japanese empire, and from the postwar to the present under American hegemony.

Questions explored include the debate over when/where modern science began; the role of craft-based and artisanal skills in the production of knowledge; and the technological and social impacts of intellectual change, from the Bronze Age to the birth of computing.

Explores the histories of bodies and medicine in the colonial world. Charts the relationships among ideas about the body, medical practice, race, and labor in the colonial world between the 16th and the mid-20th centuries

What were drugs in the early modern world? Who grew and consumed them? How were they used, and why? Students study how humanity's ancient fascination with altered states shaped globalization, the Scientific Revolution, the Atlantic slave trade, colonialism, and modernity itself. (Formerly 196J, History of Drugs in the Early Modern World.)

Introduction to two millennia of history along the ancient trade routes popularly known as the Silk Road. These routes carried precious goods between Asia and Europe, while also serving as important conduits for the flow of people and ideas.

Explores the lives and cultures of Muslims outside of the Middle East, with a particular focus on the lands encompassed by the Russian Empire/Soviet Union and China from the 19th century to the present.

Introduces the history of modern North Africa from WWI to the so-called Arab Spring. Topics include the dynamics of colonial rule and reform, anti-colonial nationalism, decolonization, the rise of Islamism, and popular protest.

The conflict between Israelis and Palestinians is one of the most intractable disputes in our troubled world. Course begins with a glimpse of Palestine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, surveys the rise and fall of utopian Zionism, pays especially close attention to the events of 1948 and 1967, and concludes by analyzing the collapse of hopes for peace after Oslo and Camp David meetings.

Explores the political trajectory of the post-colonial Middle East. Topics include: the Cold War and rise of Third Worldism; women's movements; political Islam; Arab-Israeli conflict; Lebanese Civil War; impact of oil production; Iranian Revolution; rise of the Arabian Gulf.

Chronicles the cultural history of the Arabic-speaking regions of the Middle East through art, literature, cinema, and mass media during the 20th and 21st Centuries.

Studies the intellectual history of the Arab world from the nineteenth century to the Arab Spring. Beginning with Arab responses to colonialism, it covers the evolution of various schools of thought including liberalism, Islamism, Marxism, nationalism, and feminism.

Explores the history of the Ottoman Empire with emphasis on its Arabic-speaking provinces. In addition to critically considering the political trajectory of the empire, we interrogate a wide range of topics relating to community organization, economic networks, international affairs, and the significance of religion within the Ottoman realm.

Invites student collaboration on a biography of David George, born enslaved in colonial Virginia. His attempts to escape slavery led to a remarkable odyssey throughout the Atlantic World, revealing the constraints of slavery and limits of American freedom. (Formerly COWL 161C.)

Explores the African diaspora resulting from the transatlantic slave trade, drawing on methodologies from two academic disciplines--history and archaeology. Examines key questions about the slave system, using an array of source materials, both written documents and artifacts.

Examines the political, social, religious, and material culture of ancient Egypt during these periods of intense interaction with the ancient Near East and Mediterranean, from the period of Alexander (332 BCE) through the beginning of Coptic Christianity (3rd century CE).

Explores sex and gender in ancient Egypt with a specific focus on women. Artistic representations, texts, objects of daily life, and burials are used to examine the practices that encoded gender in this ancient culture.

Introduces the political and religious history of the Egyptian New Kingdom (1546-1086 BCE), using the city of Thebes as a focal point The political, religious, and architectural history of the city is covered.

Investigates the rise and development of urbanism in the ancient Near East and Mediterranean world, including Mesopotamia, Syria, Egypt, Greece, and the Roman Empire. Close studies of individual ancient cities, as well as broader issues in ancient urbanism are covered.

Athenian democracy from foundation to the fourth century B.C., with emphasis on its practices and ideologies. Readings from ancient sources and modern theory. Topics to include foundations and development; Athenian concepts of freedom, equality, law, citizenship. Lectures and discussion.

Detailed consideration of some specific topic or period in Greek history, varying from year to year. Examples include Greek religion, Alexander, the Hellenistic world, the ancient Greek economy, and Greece and India; Thucydides and the Peloponnesian War; Greek art and archaeology.

Detailed consideration of some specific topic or period in Roman history, varying from year to year. Examples include Roman religion, Augustus and the Roman Empire, Julio-Claudian emperors and the principate, Roman slavery, and Christianity and Rome.

Introduction to historical, textual, source, and redaction criticism of the book of Genesis and to exegesis as science and ideology. Texts, history, and iconography of neighboring traditions (Mesopotamian, Ugaritic, Egyptian, Greek) are also studied when appropriate.

Italy from the birth of the commune to the early Renaissance in Florence. Topics include urban life and social conflict, gender roles, St. Francis, the Black Death, female mystics, Dante, Boccaccio, humanism, artistic developments from Giotto through Donatello. Requires viewing several films outside of class.

Italy from the Florentine Renaissance through the Reformation. Topics include social change and political consolidation, the rise of the papacy, court life, witch hunting, Machiavelli, artistic developments from Donatello through late Venetian Renaissance. Requires viewing several films outside of class. HIS 164A recommended as preparation.

Covers the history and architecture of Europe and the Mediterranean from Late Antiquity through the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Beginning with Constantine and the rise of Christianity, this course follows the development and spread of new cultures and architectural forms, stretching from Islamic material in the east to the British Isles in the west. Course stresses the evolution of architecture during the medieval period as well as the cross-cultural influences that affected their form and what this can tell us about the cultures that created them.

Introduction to the so-called troubles in Northern Ireland, from the 1960s to the present. Examination of the historical background to the conflict, the patterns of conflict in the 1970s and 1980s, and the emergence of a peace process in the 1990s.

An intensive analysis of the First World War from multiple perspectives: military, diplomatic, political, economic, technological, global, and cultural. The emphasis is on the transformative impact of the war on European societies, international relations, and modern culture.

Making use of multiple perspectives, this course explores the origins of the Second World War, its course and outcome, and its transformative effects on European society, culture, polities, and demographics. Closely examines the war's impact on diverse civilian populations.

The political, social, economic, and cultural history of the modern Netherlands and Belgium from 1500 to the present day.

French history from the Middle Ages through the Revolution. Focus on the rise and fall of absolute monarchy, the nature of Old Regime society, the causes and significance of the French Revolution. Attention to those who endured as well as to those who made events.

Social, political, and cultural history of France from the Revolution to WWI. Focus on the Revolutionary tradition, the Napoleonic myth, the transformation of Paris, and the integration of the peasantry into the national community. Readings may include novels by Stendhal and Balzac.

Surveys major events in 20th-century French history, such as the two World Wars, the Thirty Glorious Years, European integration, decolonization, the Cold War, and the events of May 1968.

The development of German civilization, including philosophy and literature as well as politics and diplomacy in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Introduction to German films from 1919 to 1945. Through combination of movies and documentaries, gain insight into political, economic, social, and cultural conditions of Weimar and Nazi Germany.

Uses films and documentaries to provide insight into the political, social, economic, and cultural conditions of postwar East and West Germany, with a strong focus on remembrance of the country's Nazi past.

Russian history from Peter the Great through the collapse of the Russian Empire. Explores the relationship between state and subjects (both Russian and non-Russian), alongside the role that geography played in an expanding empire in an increasingly globalizing world.

Covers Soviet history from the late imperial period through the Soviet collapse. Explores the nature of the Soviet state, relationships between state and society, the role of the Soviet Union in the Cold War, and experiences of everyday life.

Analyzes the roles of espionage and intelligence in modern European history with emphasis on major conflicts from the Franco-Prussian War through the Cold War and beyond. Also examines images of spies in popular culture from the early 20th century to the present.

Examines the political and social history of modern Eastern Europe, excluding the Balkans and Baltic States, from 1848 to the present. Focuses on the development of nationalism, war, occupation, ethnic strife, communism, and democratic reform in this region.

Examines ways in which Europeans and others thought about the environment and nature in the 19th century and how their concerns about issues such as climate change, pollution, and conservation were both similar to and different from environmentalist thinking today.

Surveys the role of the tropics and tropical peoples in history, covering the post-Columbian encounters between indigenous Americans, Europeans, and Africans, colonialism, and the origins of fields, such as anthropology and tropical medicine. (Formerly Tropics of Empire.)

Study of European thought and literature from Hobbes and Swift to Rousseau and Goethe. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to traditions of religious conflict and criticism rising from the Protestant Reformation; to the discovery of the world beyond Europe; and to the intellectual and cultural roots of the French Revolution.

Study of European thought and literature from Blake to Nietzsche. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to the rise and fall of the Romantic movement, to changing conceptions of history, and to the development of socialist and aesthetic critiques of industrial civilization.

Drawing on experiments in autobiography, the arts, and social theory, this course focuses on ideas and images of modernity in European culture. It also highlights the role of the intellectual as politically engaged or disillusioned witness in a violent century.

Surveys European Jewish intellectual history from the Enlightenment to the present. Major themes include emancipation and assimilation, the flowering of Yiddish literature, the rise of Zionism, new variations on the messianic idea, and Jewish contributions to the culture of urban modernism.

Examines the history of the British Isles and the British Empire from the late 17th century to the present. Traces the expansion, transformation, and dissolution of the British Empire as well as the changing meanings of Englishness and Britishness over this period.

Covers the long history of interaction between Britain and Africa, from the Atlantic slave trade and British colonialism in Africa up to the post-colonial present, from British settlers in Africa to the African presence in the British Isles.

Italian politics, culture, and society from the Napoleonic era through early leftist movements. Central emphasis on the Risorgimento and Unification. Other topics include: north-south conflict; banditry; urban change; growth of tourism; popular religion; family structures and gender; visual arts and opera.

Examines Italian politics, society, and culture (c. 1900-1950), emphasizing the Fascist regime; interdisciplinary focus emphasizing history, literature, and film. HIS 183A recommended as preparation.

Explores the histories of racism and anti-Semitism alongside efforts to combat racism in Europe from 1870 to the present. Offers a conceptual basis for thinking about the definition of race and its historical evolution.

Comparative in approach, course examines Jewish radical politics across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and the Americas in the late 19th and 20th centuries. How did radical politics afford Jews greater agency in contexts that otherwise excluded them? What tensions arose with religious, nationalist, and internationalist obligations? What drew so many Jews across so many diverse contexts to focus on radical leftist politics? What, if anything, links Jews and radical politics across such diverse contexts? Through primary sources, memoirs, scholarly works, films and more, students compare Jewish engagement in radical leftist movements in several nodes, including Russia (and the former USSR), Poland, France, Egypt, Iraq, Morocco, Israel, Argentina, Mexico, and the USA among others.

Explores Jewish immigration settlement and identity negotiation in Latin America from the mid-19th Century to the present.

Historical comparative overview of the political, socio-cultural, and intellectual transformation of Jewish societies in Europe and the Middle East from the late 18th Century to the present.

Overview of the Jewish experience in important cities in the age of empire. Istanbul, Beirut, Alexandria, and Salonica were home to thriving, culturally diverse Jewish populations. Course explores these urban Jewish cultures, the institutions, and intellectual production.

Surveys Jewish life in the Iberian Peninsula from Roman times to the present, and explores offshoot Hispanic Jewish societies in the aftermath of the 1492 expulsion.

Zionism is one of the most complex--and contested--political and ideological movements of the modern period. This course explores the intellectual history of Zionism and its critics, from the late 19th century to the establishment of the State of Israel.

Examines World War II in North Africa and the Middle East. Through primary and secondary sources, films, and novels, students consider WWII and the Holocaust as they intersect with colonial and Jewish histories in the Arab world.

Investigates questions relating to how new technologies are changing the way historians do research and interact with the public. This course has both a critical classroom component and a hands-on computer laboratory component.

Covers comparative history of slavery in Latin America with questions of race in the colonial and national periods and key moments and debates in the historiography of slavery and its relation to ideologies of the past and the nations.

Focuses on the ways in which nation and race have been thought about in Latin America throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. These concepts were closely intertwined, albeit in differing and changing ways, since the wars of independence from Spain and Portugal (1810-1825). Compares the ways in which black, Indian, and racially mixed (mulatto or mestizo) have been socially constructed, ideologized, and contended in different countries, including Brazil, the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, Mexico, Peru, and Argentina.

Examines Asian and Latino immigration into the United States since 1875. Students explore the relationship between U.S. foreign policies and immigration policies, transnational ties and homeland connections, and the cultural and political influences they have on American society.

A seminar on the history of Chicanos/Mexicans in the United States, 1848 to the present. Topics include Chicana/o labor, family, social, urban, cultural, and political history.

Students learn how to conduct research and write history. Primary and secondary sources are extensively read. Research sources include a rich array of government documents, newspapers, memories and diaries, visual material and film.

Writing-intensive seminar on the experience, manipulation, and representation of time in history. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources.

Locates common themes in the history of broadcasting and telecommunications throughout the world. Why do certain strategies for developing broadcasting and telecommunications systems succeed or fail? Why do some nations outstrip other nations of comparable development in the growth of their communications systems? Why do national or regional communication systems suddenly become more or less open—or more or less centralized?

Examines the tensions between movements for political reform and reaction in the southern United States between Reconstruction and the second world war. Students develop a research paper grounded in primary research that addresses these questions.

Explores the lives of children and the functions of the literary figure of the child in the cultural politics of the 19th century in the United States. Examines the historically contingent nature of childhood through historical, literary, and visual sources.

Examines contemporary crises in Africa: the new South Africa, refugees, HIV/AIDS, children of war, blood or conflict diamonds, civil war, and genocide in Rwanda. Seminar format where students will be prepared to undertake studies on specific subjects and two rounds of 15–20 page papers.

Major themes in contemporary African American historiography on a topical basis.

Explores subjects and themes in the political, social, and cultural history of early U.S. history from the colonial period through 1850. Includes critical reading of current scholarship and research in primary texts. The focus of this course is the production of a 25-page research paper. Recommended for senior history majors.

Explores novels and novelists in relation to the writing of historical scholarship. Breaking down the simplistic genre division between fiction and nonfiction, provides opportunities for students to read novels as historical evidence, novels as editorial commentary, and novels as analytical narrative. Students produce a series of papers that culminate in a 25-page research project.

Readings and research in the history of religions in the United States. Readings focus on topics including the rise of evangelicalism; gender and religion; class, race, and religious diversity; and modernity. Students produce papers that culminate in a 25-page research project.

Writing-intensive seminar on Latin America during the Cold War. Particular attention given to U.S.-Latin American relations, including moments of covert or direct interventions. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources.

In this research seminar, students explore F.B.I. files obtained under the Freedom of Information Act on a prominent citizen of the United States of America.

Students read historiographically significant works in the history of the U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction. Students develop research projects grounded in primary source material on a related topic of their choosing. (Formerly Topics in U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction.)

Explores the transatlantic societies created by Europeans' colonization of the Americas, and their exploitation of African slaves. Questions whether the cultural, economic, and political links across the ocean integrated the adjacent lands into a fundamentally Atlantic World.

Before 1800, far more Africans than Europeans colonized the Americas, arriving unwillingly in the slave trade. Course examines the captives' experiences; the trade's organization and significance in the Atlantic economy; and the eventual movement to abolish the traffic.

Explores the concept of the long civil rights movement as a framework for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and political developments in the African American freedom struggle, in both North and South, from the 1930s through the 1980s.

Teaching of a lower-division seminar under faculty supervision. (See HIS 42.) Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

To allow promising, well-qualified undergraduates to pursue directed programs of archival or archaeological study in the field under supervision of the UCSC history faculty, concentrating their work within a single given quarter. Students may take two or three courses concurrently. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Focusing on Shanghai, course examines issues of gender, class, and sex in modern urban Chinese history. Given Shanghai's history as a treaty port, particular attention paid to ways in which its semi-colonial status inflected the articulation of gender identities, class formations and issues of sexuality (particularly sexual labor). Also looks at Shanghai during the Maoist period and in the context of more contemporary economic reforms.

Examines the history of Okinawa with particular attention paid to the modern era. The goal is to give students a solid foundation in the historiography of major themes in the study of Okinawan society.

Examines through both primary and secondary sources such issues as work, sexuality, education, class, and ethnicity in relation to constructions of female gender in Japanese society over the past several centuries, particularly focusing on the modern era.

Explores the rapid and often destabilizing shifts that have taken place in China since the late 1970s (the reform era), tracing the effects of China's earlier experiment with revolutionary socialism on the market-driven present. Examines how various meanings of reform are negotiated; changes in rural and urban environments; and class, gender, and ethnic differences.

Explores gender, family, and state power in China from 1600 to present, examining gendered norms, education, political movements, revolutionary practice, sexuality and sex work, and state interventions in contemporary families. Responses to reading and a research paper required.

Focuses on the complicated and often tumultuous relationships between the United States military and Pacific communities. Investigates the histories of the people who protested against military bases in Japan, Okinawa, the Philippines, South Korea, Guam, etc.

Focuses on non-elite people in modern Chinese history. Drawing on historical studies and contemporary accounts, this course looks at how colonialism, war, and revolutionary movements shaped everyday lives.

From Medieval Spain, Ottoman Salonica, 20th-century Baghdad, present day Casablanca, and beyond, this course examines Jewish experiences of exile, diaspora, and displacement, as well as how to read memoir and biography as sources in their broader historical context.

Critically examines the formation of political elites in East Asia. Compares literati in Ming and Qing, China; samurai in Tokugawa, Japan; and yangban in Joeson, Korea. Each group occupied specific roles and functions in their state and society but differed in scale and character. Students cannot receive credit for this course and HIS 294M.

Urbanization is an important aspect of the making of the Global South. This course introduces the histories of urbanization from the 18th Century to the present. Students read the works of historians, anthropologists, geographers, and sociologists.

Introduces students to key ideas and ideologues of the Indian nation and the practices of the late-colonial and post-colonial Indian State. In the process, students become familiar with themes like modernity, gender, state formation, space, nationalism, democracy, and development.

Introduces important themes in urban studies in South Asia in the pre-modern and modern periods. These include political economic change; competing imaginations of city life; urban politics; land use; urban planning; and cultural life among others. This course begins with a brief survey of urbanism in pre-modern South Asia but focuses mostly on urbanities in the early modern and modern periods.

Explores the production and experience of new forms of space in the colonial and post-colonial world through historical, political, and anthropological case studies with an emphasis on the Middle East and Africa.

Focuses on different topics in ancient Egyptian history. In addition to assigned readings, each student does additional research that culminates in a 20-page paper on a topic of the student's choice. General topics for the course vary from year to year.

Introduces students to important debates in labor studies in Asia. Studies the relationship between labor, capitalism, and imperialism. Also interrogates the relevance or irrelevance of Asia as a concept from the standpoint of labor.

Considers through primary and secondary sources the events and aftermath of the Cold War in East Asia in terms of state formation, domestic and foreign policy, and protest movements in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan with reference to Vietnam.

Widely considered the antechamber of WWII, the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was the first large-scale international clash of Fascists and anti-Fascists. It was simultaneously a national conflict and a global proxy war, colonial and anti-colonial; and yet, it is often overlooked.

This writing-intensive seminar explores the social movements sweeping the contemporary Middle East. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources.

Research seminar comparing U.S. and Japanese memories of World War II. Topics include war origins, total war, the atomic bomb, war responsibility, reparations, memorials, museums, and monuments. Primary work devoted to research in original texts and documents.

Examines major events in modern Chinese history, from the Manchu conquest (1644) through the Tian'anmen Square demonstrations (1989), exploring why and how collective memories and new narratives about such events have been transmitted and have shaped politics in the present.

Prerequisite(s): petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration).

Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration).

Developments in Italian culture and society from the postwar to the present. Topics include north-south divisions, family and gender, cinema and modernity, urbanization, mafia, and terrorism.

Explores the long-term urban history or Rome from its founding through the modern tourist city. Emphasizes the cityscape and geographical centers of political power, culture, and religion, as well as the everyday life of neighborhoods.

Aims to illuminate major themes and turning points of modern Irish history: the causes and consequences of the famine; the development of Irish nationalism; revolution, civil war, and partition; and the recent economic boom.

Examines the history of Europe and its empires within the context of human interactions with and attitudes toward a changing natural world. Topics include: European imperialism in ecological perspective; the effects of new developments in science and technology on urban and rural environments; the rise of public health, sanitation, and colonial medicine; environmental justice; and the historical context of contemporary environmental problems.

A senior reading and research seminar that explores the selected historiographic debates in German history during the 19th and 20th centuries. (Formerly Modern Germany and Europe.)

Focuses on the history of sexuality in major urban areas globally. Topics include: sexual identities and race, class, and gender; sex work, policing, and urban spaces; gay, lesbian, and transgender communities; race, gender, and sexuality within the context of colonialism.

Students conduct original research on the French Revolution of 1789 based on mix of primary and secondary courses. Classroom discussions focuson interpreting contemporary documents and addressing historiographical issues. Seminar format with significant written requirements. Presumes familiarity with the period.

Topics in European intellectual history from the French Revolution to World War I. Readings exemplifying approaches from history of ideas and intellectual biography to recent studies of rhetoric and political culture. Preparation and presentation of research paper.

For several centuries, the shtetl functioned as the center of Jewish life in Eastern Europe. Alternately mythologized and pathologized, the shtetl continues to exist as an imaginary space that defines and distorts the historical image of Eastern European Jewish life. Students cannot receive credit for this course and course 257.

Study of 19th- and 20th-century Eastern European and Russian Jewish social history.

Study of the major political, social, and intellectual conflicts and transformations of the period. Topics include February and October revolutions, Civil War, NEP, rise of Stalinism, and collectivization.

Explores European history from the end of World War II through the fall of the Soviet Union. Examines how Europe evolved from a fragmented, polarized array of colonial rivals to a more economically and culturally integrated place.

Seminar focuses on different topics in ancient history. In addition to assigned readings, the student is expected to do additional research that culminates in a 20-page paper on a topic of the student's choice. General topics for the course will vary from year to year.

Addresses contemporary and modern interpretations of the events relation to medieval history. Through critical discussion and debate, assesses the value and limitations of various historical sources, as well as developing skills in research, presentation-making, and writing.

Uses memoirs, diaries, novels, films, oral interviews and histories, and scholarly works to explore everyday life in the Soviet Union, and the extent to which the Soviet Union represented a totalitarian society.

Focuses on the role of scientific and technological developments in creating the kinds of social, economic, and ecological change that inspired utopian thinking--as well as utopia's counterpart, dystopia--in Russia in the late 19th and 20th centuries.

Examines popular religious belief and practice, including conversion, the cult of the saints, relics, pilgrimage, miracles and visions. Emphasis on Medieval Europe, but some attention also paid to modern patterns of devotion.

Europe's engagement with the outside world, which ranged from cultural and intellectual borrowings to relations of domination and colonialism, shaped its modern history and culture. This course examines the cultural and intellectual history of modern Europe by focusing on the ways in which European thinkers and cultural producers drew upon or were influenced by non-European sources.

Student's supervision is conducted by a regularly appointed officer of instruction by means other than the usual supervision in person (e.g., by correspondence) or student is doing all or most of the course work off campus.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

An overview of theories, methods, and philosophies concerning the nature and production of history. Topics vary with instructor.

Having already prepared a bibliography and research prospectus in a graduate research seminar, students will undertake further research on their projects, write a 25–30 page research paper, and present their work to their fellow students.

Because world history surfaces in curriculums at all educational levels, this seminar interrogates its value. Why do historians advocate world (and transnational) history? How do historians actually practice it? What are the pitfalls? Can global perspectives apply to localized subjects?

Focuses on the histories and theories of decolonization in the mid-to-late 20th century, particularly, interactions among anticolonial movements, how Cold War era antagonisms inflected the process of decolonization, and efforts to forge Afro-Asian unity and/or a nonalignment movement.

Introduction to theories and methods employed in gendered historical research. Readings are drawn from a range of chronological, national, and thematic fields and explore the intersection of gender analysis with such historical problems as the body and sexuality, modernity, national identity, and production/consumption.

Graduate reading course focusing on both classic and contemporary approaches to social and cultural history. Readings induce: Bakhtin, Benjamin, Foucault, Auerbach, and Berlin, and a variety of more recent studies in social, cultural, and intellectual history. Course not limited to graduate students in History.

Research seminar introducing theories and methods of the comparative histories of race, ethnicity, colonialism, and nationalism.

Graduate seminar exploring the history of Canada-United States-Mexico borderlands. Approaches and arguments compare nation-state centered histories with narratives that construct the North American borderlands as places wrought from a multiplicity of overlapping indigenous, imperial, national, transnational, and global forces.

Examines the histories and historiography concerning diaspora. This area of study includes populations from Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Students study the histories of diasporic populations, and the questions, theory, and methods that scholars use to approach the subject.

Introduces the study of empire (as opposed to nations, regions, or continents) as an approach to world history and to recent historiographical trends in the history of empires.

Critically examines how digital processes are changing scholarly practice and pedagogy in the humanities. Students experiment with how digital media can impact research and communication for textual scholars, museum professionals, archivists, librarians, public historians and educators.

Cross Listed Courses

Enrollment is restricted to graduate students.

Introduction to major themes and controversies in the interpretation of U.S. history. Readings cover both chronological eras and topical subjects, often in a comparative context: colonial and early national periods.

Introduction to major themes and controversies in the interpretation of U.S. history. Readings cover both chronological eras and topical subjects, often in a comparative context: 19th century.

First quarter of a two-quarter introduction to research in early American history (1550-1820). Readings include both historiographically definitive texts as well as recent scholarship reflecting the field's developments. Students complete analyses of historical sources, brief critical essays, and a significant research project. HIS 211A is not a prerequisite to HIS 211B.

Second quarter of a two-quarter introduction to research in early American history (1550-1820). Readings include both historiographically definitive texts as well as recent scholarship reflecting the field's developments. Students complete analyses of historical sources, brief critical essays, and a significant research project. HIS 211A is not a prerequisite to HIS 211B.

A reading-intensive graduate seminar in United States history that examines citizenship and its exclusions, grounded in race, gender, sexuality, age, and disability. This seminar also explores how forms of belonging intersected with evolving understandings of nationalism and sovereignty.

A reading-intensive graduate seminar in United States history examining citizenship and its exclusions, grounded in race, gender, sexuality, age, and disability. The course also explores how forms of belonging intersected with evolving understandings of nationalism and sovereignty.

Concerns the history and historiography of California from indigenous dominion to the present. Considers the distinctive ways in which California has led the nation and globe in economic, political, and social change, while remaining a multiethnic borderland.

Addresses topics in history of working people, the labor movement broadly defined, and political-economic change in the U.S. Topics include race, ethnic and gender dynamics, and U.S. labor and working-class history in global context.

Explores the emergence of the welfare/regulatory state in the United States from the 1870s to World War I, examining different schools of historical thought about this period.

Introduces key issues and debates in United States immigration and ethnic history. Topics include causes of immigration; constructions of race, gender and ethnicity; assimilation; transnationalism; and forces shaping immigration policy.

Research in the history of religions in the United States. Addresses topics, such as the rise of evangelicalism; class, race, and religious diversity; gender and power; modernity; and civil religion through analyses of visual and literary texts, iconography, ritual, theology, and praxis.

Overview of key historical texts focusing on the Native American experience, with particular focus on scholarship that seeks to decolonize Western methodologies and research practices. Readings explore such topics as decolonization, indigenous identity, sovereignty, repatriation efforts, gender and sexuality, and historical memory. The format consists of discussions of readings. Students give oral presentations on the readings, and write book reviews and a final historiographical paper.

Explores the economic, social, and cultural history of early America in terms of its Atlantic connections and intersection with the cultures of early modern Europe, Africa, and Latin America. Builds upon previous work in early America and early modern Europe, challenging students both to work comparatively and to break out of traditional geographic models.

Compares the history of the colonial and 19th-century Americans through a world-history perspective. Focuses on the interrelated themes of indigenous histories, slavery and other forms of servitude, commodity production, and the meaning of equality and freedom in new nations.

Explores the history of sexuality covering diverse time periods, peoples, and regions. Examines methods and theories used in the study of sexuality. Readings draw from the Americas, Middle East, Africa, Europe, and Austro-Asia, as well as topics in queer and LGBTQ2 studies.

Reading-intensive graduate seminar with emphasis on theoretical and historiographical questions regarding the field of Spanish colonialism in the Americas. Students encouraged to engage in discussions of comparative colonialisms.

Explores the relationship between colonialism and gender. Examines the construction of gender categories (in conjunction with race) in the context of colonial conquest and rule; contested definitions of motherhood, domesticity, and citizenship; and regulation of sexuality.

Introduces students to important debates in labor studies in Asia. Studies the relationship between labor, capitalism, and imperialism. Also interrogates the relevance or irrelevance of Asia as a concept from the standpoint of labor.

Survey of the major works on and historiographical controversies about Qing Dynasty (1644–1911) China.

Reading seminar on the history of Chinese gender, focusing on the Qing dynasty (1644 to 1911) to the present. Topics include marriage and family, sexuality, work, the gendered language of politics, and major reform movements.

A survey of major Western-language works and historiographical controversies in Chinese history from 1900 to the present. Weekly readings emphasize particular social and political movements as well as long-term changes in urban and rural society.

An overview of the scholarly literature on the People's Republic of China. Readings include works by historians as well as by social scientists. Students consider what kinds of questions historians have and can ask.

An introduction for graduate students to the use of major research tools and sources in Chinese history since 1600, with a focus on 20th-century materials. Students complete a series of bibliographical exercises and prepare a research prospectus.

Building on the research and bibliographic skills developed in course 228A, students develop a research topic and write a paper of 20-30 pages using primary sources as appropriate in English, Chinese, and/or Japanese.

A graduate course intended to give students a fundamental understanding of the major themes in the study of modern Japanese history. Central themes include modernity and modernization, colonialism, postwar recovery, gender, race, and nationalism.

Examines how Japanese history has been forged across, outside, and beyond the boundaries of the modern nation-state of Japan. Considers how Japan has transformed the world. Students debate how the world made Japan and how Japan re-made the world.

Examines—through primary and secondary sources—constructions of gender (masculine, feminine, and transgender) in Japanese society over the past several centuries, focusing on the modern era.

Introduces major themes and problems in recent historiographical trends in environmental history and the history of technology. Examines the role of environment and technology in the making of Europe and European societies' engagement with the world.

The history of empire has emerged as one of the most influential and fastest growing areas of inquiry within the field of modern European history. This course introduces students to recent debates and trends in imperial, colonial, and postcolonial history.

Focuses on the histories and theories of republicanism and liberalism by investigating the tension between universal ideologies and discriminatory practices. Focuses on France and the United States, but Algeria, Syria, and Turkey will also be covered.

Examines the significance of religion and secularism in the modern period. How did modernity and the concept of the secular transform various religions and how, in turn, did these religions help to create modernity.

For several centuries, the shtetl functioned as the center of Jewish life in Eastern Europe. Alternately mythologized and pathologized, the shtetl continues to exist as an imaginary space that defines and distorts the historical image of Eastern European Jewish life. Students cannot receive credit for this course and HIS 196M.

Explores the making of space, place, and geography in a body of recent historical work. Explores key theoretical work interrogating the significance of space as a critical element of social theory and historical consideration. Proceeds through three thematic units: questions of colonial economy in South Asia; spaces of empires and its end in the Eastern Mediterranean; and histories of infrastructure.

Explores the history and historiography of the modern Middle East through recent historical scholarship. Examines the new theoretical approaches that frame inquiries into the region's history and how contemporary historians are reinterpreting familiar questions and themes.

A multidisciplinary history of the body from late antiquity to the present. Topics include: medical and religious constructions; the raced, gendered, and sexualized body; adornment and performance markers; power and control through the body; body parts; and the body's permeability.

Devoted to professionalism and socialization of history graduate students. Includes formal and informal meetings with faculty and other graduate students. Topics include TAships, designing course syllabi, pedagogy, teaching technologies, and teaching in different venues.

Devoted to professionalism and socialization of history graduate students. Topics include discussion of researching grants; effective CV writing; successful grant applications and publication proposals; and conference paper and panel proposals. Required for first-year graduate students; however, open to all history graduate students as needed.

Devoted to professionalism and socialization of history graduate students. Includes formal and informal meetings with faculty and other graduate students. Topics include researching position; preparing a CV and the job-application letter; preparing for an interview; practice interview; preparing a job talk and/or teaching presentation; and practice job talk.

Independent study course in which history graduate student reads selected texts to fulfill foreign language requirement. Student meets with instructor to discuss readings, deepening his knowledge of the foreign language. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students.

Independent study course designed to help students prepare for qualifying exams. Students meet on regular basis with one or more members of qualifying examination committee to monitor preparation for exam. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students.

Independent study focusing on selected texts or authors in history or historical theory. Students meet on regular basis with instructor to discuss readings and deepen their knowledge of a particular author or historical theory. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Independent study focusing on selected texts or authors in history or historical theory. Students meet on regular basis with instructor to discuss readings. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Acquaints students with the department's thematic research clusters in their field to coordinate training in historical research. Students meet on a regular basis with a faculty member of a particular cluster to discuss most important readings in the field. Enrollment restricted to graduate students.

Acquaints students with the department's thematic research clusters in their field to coordinate training in historical research. Students meet on a regular basis with a faculty member of this cluster to discuss most important readings in their field. Enrollment restricted to graduate students.

Independent study designed to help history graduate students prepare to teach in an area of history outside their specialization. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students.

Independent study designed to foster departmental and cross-disciplinary participation in campus talks, colloquia, conferences, and events. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students.

Critically examines the formation of political elites in East Asia. Compares literati in Ming and Qing China; samurai in Tokugawa, Japan; and yangban in Joeson, Korea. Each group occupied specific roles and functions in their state and society but differed in scale and character. Students cannot receive credit for this course and HIS 194M.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.